In Mali, smallholder farmers are generally not involved in foundation seed production which is dominated by the conventional public sector based models. These dominant models have so far failed to avail sufficient quantities of foundation seed especially for non-irrigated rice systems, groundnut, and cowpea. During 2018 and 2019 cropping seasons, field trials were conducted to test three models of foundation seed production, namely: Research Institutions Model – RIM, Seed Companies Model – SCM, and Smallholder Farmers Model – SFM. Single varieties of five crops vital to food security in Mali (rice, millet, sorghum, groundnut, and cowpea) were used in a randomized complete block design with three replicates